International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 5 (LEGACY C1 C2) RESISTANT DOWNY BROME (CHEATGRASS)
(Bromus tectorum)


PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)

France
INTRODUCTION DOWNY BROME (CHEATGRASS)
Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) (Bromus tectorum) is a monocot weed in the Poaceae family.  In France this weed first evolved resistance to Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides in 1981 and infests Corn (maize).   Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides are known as PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders (Inhbition of Photosynthesis at PSll - Serine 264 Binders ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to atrazine and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Sep 15, 2000 )

Common NameDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)
SpeciesBromus tectorum
GroupPSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
Herbicidesatrazine
LocationFrance
Year1981
Situation(s)Corn (maize)
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Jacques Gasquez 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Jacques Gasquez
Bromus tectorum was resistant on railways not very far from Paris Today the only resistant population ever tested has disappeared. So it is impossible to estimate the actual spread of this biotype.

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AREAS FOUND

Jacques Gasquez
Disappeared from the field! R populations were identified but no further problems have been reported.

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GENERAL

Jacques Gasquez
De Prado, R, and Menendez, J. Management of herbicide-resistant grass weeds in Europe. In Second International Weed Control Congress - Copenhagen, 1996. pp 393 - 398.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) biotype with this Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 5 resistant Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database.  If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2) resistant Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) from France please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

JACQUES GASQUEZ
Inra
Laboratoire De Malherbologie
702 Hickory Ct
Dijon, 21034, Cedex
France
Email Jacques Gasquez

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in France have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Jacques Gasquez for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) Globally
(Bromus tectorum)
Herbicide Resistant Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) Globally
(Bromus tectorum)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Downy Brome (Cheatgrass) Globally
(Bromus tectorum)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Canada (Alberta) CanadaAlberta2021 Canola glyphosate 7 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
40Bromus tectorumDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)21234
2 FranceFrance 1981 Corn (maize) atrazine 17 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
40Bromus tectorumDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)457
3 SpainSpain 1990 Wheat chlorotoluron 38 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
40Bromus tectorumDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)190
4 SpainSpain 1990 Orchards simazine 38 PSII inhibitors - Serine 264 Binders ( HRAC Group 5 (Legacy C1 C2)
40Bromus tectorumDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)191
5 United States (Oregon) United StatesOregon1997 Kentucky bluegrass imazamox, primisulfuron-methyl, and sulfosulfuron 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
40Bromus tectorumDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)1112
6 United States (Oregon) United StatesOregon2005 Grass seed clethodim, fluazifop-butyl, quizalofop-ethyl, and sethoxydim 45 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase ( HRAC Group 1 (Legacy A)
40Bromus tectorumDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)5375
7 United States (Montana) United StatesMontana2016 Wheat imazamox, procarbazone-Na, and pyroxsulam 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
40Bromus tectorumDowny Brome (Cheatgrass)15071
Literature about Similar Cases

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