WILD MUSTARD (Sinapis arvensis) with GROUP B/2 resistance: (INHIBITION OF ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE ) Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase
MUTATION: ASPARTATE 376 to GLUTAMATE
Wild Mustard (Sinapis arvensis) is a dicot plant in the brassicaceae family. A single amino acid substitution from Aspartate 376 to Glutamate has led to resistance to Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase as indicated in the table below.		Wild Mustard

Chemical Family	Example Herbicide	Resistance Level
Imidazolinones	Imazethapyr	Not Determined
Pyrimidinyl benzoates	Bispyribac-Na	Not Determined
Sulfonylureas	Chlorsulfuron	Intermediate Resistance < 10 fold
Triazolopyrimidine - Type 1	Chloransulam-methyl	Not Determined
Triazolinones	Flucarbazone-Na	Not Determined

REFERENCES

Bahmani, A., A. Naderi, E. Zand, M. Masumi, and S. Lack. 2015. Evaluation of selection intensity of acetolactate synthase-inhibitor herbicide resistance endowing Asp-376-Glu mutation in Sinapis arvensis biotype.. Biological Forum 7 : 901 - 905.

In current study we estimated ecological measures of Acetolactate synthase herbicide resistance evolution at lower than recommended dose in Sinapis arvensis herbicide resistance (HR) homozygous for Asp- 376-Glu mutation and herbicide susceptible (HS) biotypes collected from wheat fields in Fars Province, Iran. At low herbicide doses of mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron plants can survive and display quantitative variation in dose-responses. LD50 and GR50 values represented 5.4 and 3-fold ALS resistant than susceptible biotypes. Seed number production per plant showed 3- fold resistance. Linear combination of survival and fecundity values, showed 1 and 0.74 fitness values for (HR) and (HS) biotypes respectively when exposed to the lowdose of 187 g ha-1. With double increasing from 187 to 375 g ha-1 herbicides, fitness decreased by 8-fold in (HS) biotype but reduced slightly by 20% in (HR) biotype. The selection intensity of (HR) at 375 and 187 g ha-1 were 9 and 1.4 respectively. Overall, it is highlighted that evaluation of plant survival and fecundity in assessing mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron selection intensity in the (HR) and (HS) Sinapis arvensis biotypes is a key factor for measuring herbicide resistance evolution..

This case was entered by Patrick Tranel Email: tranel@illinois.edu

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